feat(web基础): 新增零基础Web开发课程

05_web基础/5_2_URL与HTTP请求/url_request_example.py

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+"""第5-2课标准示例：解析URL并构造HTTP请求信息。"""
+
+from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlencode, urlsplit
+
+
+def parse_url(url: str) -> None:
+    """拆分URL，并把查询字符串转换成便于使用的字典。"""
+
+    parts = urlsplit(url)
+    query_parameters = parse_qs(parts.query)
+    print(f"协议：{parts.scheme}")
+    print(f"主机：{parts.hostname}")
+    print(f"端口：{parts.port}")
+    print(f"路径：{parts.path}")
+    print(f"查询参数：{query_parameters}")
+
+
+def build_request_target(path: str, parameters: dict) -> str:
+    """把路径和查询参数编码成请求目标。"""
+
+    return f"{path}?{urlencode(parameters)}"
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """展示URL各部分以及一份简化的GET请求。"""
+
+    url = "https://api.example.com:443/books?keyword=Python&page=2"
+    parse_url(url)
+    request_target = build_request_target(
+        "/books",
+        {"keyword": "Python Web", "page": 1},
+    )
+    print(f"请求行：GET {request_target} HTTP/1.1")
+    print("请求头：Accept: application/json")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()